![]() In examining processes such as muscle contraction, fermentation, digestion, and putrefaction, Schwann sought to show that living phenomena were the result of physical causes rather than "some immaterial vital force". One exception was a paper in 1844 that reported on a series of experiments on dogs and established the importance of bile in digestion. He spent considerable time perfecting experimental techniques and instruments for use in experiments. With his new teaching duties, he had less time for new scientific work. Schwann proved to be a dedicated and conscientious professor. : 85–86 Instead, in 1839, Schwann accepted the chair of anatomy at the Université Catholique de Louvain in Leuven, Belgium, another Catholic city. He attempted to gain a professorship there in 1838 and again in 1846, but was disappointed. He hoped to return to Bonn, a Catholic city. : 60īy 1838, Schwann needed a position with a more substantial salary. His co-worker Jakob Henle spoke of him as having an "inborn drive" to experiment. : 60 He identified the question that he wanted to answer and communicated the importance of his findings effectively to others. His writing has been described as accessible, and his logic as a "clear progression". He was also able to identify important scientific questions and design experiments to systematically test them. : 60ĭescribed as quiet and serious, Schwann was particularly gifted in the construction and use of apparatus for his experiments. His work complemented that of Matthias Jakob Schleiden in plants and was informed by it the two were close friends. This enabled him to observe animal cells and note their different properties. Schwann used newly powerful microscopes to examine animal tissues. Many of his important contributions were made during the time that he worked with Müller in Berlin. In addition to performing experiments in preparation for Müller's book on physiology, Schwann did research of his own. Schwann carried out a series of microscopic and physiological experiments focused on studying the structure and function of nerves, muscles and blood vessels. : 86 Careerįrom 1834 to 1839, Schwann worked as an assistant to Müller in at the Anatomisch-zootomische Museum at the University of Berlin. As a long-term strategy, it was not sustainable. For the next five years, Schwann would pay the other three-quarters of his expenses out of his inheritance. : 60 His salary as an assistant was only 120 taler. He could afford to do so, at least in the short term, because of a family inheritance. Schwann passed the state examination to practice medicine in the summer of 1834, but he chose to continue to work with Müller, doing research rather than practicing medicine. This enabled him to establish the critical period in which the eggs needed oxygen. To carry it out, he designed and built an apparatus that enabled him to pump the gases oxygen and hydrogen out of the incubation chamber at specific times. Schwann's thesis involved a careful study of the necessity for oxygen during the embryonic development of the chicken. He did his thesis work in 1833–1834, with Müller as his advisor. degree in medicine from the University of Berlin in 1834. In 1833, he went to the University of Berlin, where Müller was now Professor of Anatomy and Physiology. In 1831, Schwann moved to the University of Würzburg for clinical training in medicine. : 387 It was translated into English as Elements of Physiology in 1837–1843 and became the leading physiology textbook of the 1800s. Müller is considered to have founded scientific medicine in Germany, publishing his Handbuch der Physiologie des Menschen für Vorlesungen in 1837–1840. ![]() While at Bonn, Schwann met and worked with physiologist Johannes Peter Müller. He received a bachelor of philosophy in 1831. In 1829, Schwann enrolled at the University of Bonn in the premedical curriculum. In Cologne his religious instructor Wilhelm Smets, a priest and novelist, emphasized the individuality of the human soul and the importance of free will. ![]() Theodor Schwann studied at the Dreikönigsgymnasium (also known as the Tricoronatum or Three Kings School), a Jesuit school in Cologne. Leonard Schwann was a goldsmith and later a printer. Theodor Schwann was born in Neuss on 7 December 1810 to Leonard Schwann and Elisabeth Rottels. Other contributions include the discovery of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system, the discovery and study of pepsin, the discovery of the organic nature of yeast, and the invention of the term " metabolism". His most significant contribution to biology is considered to be the extension of cell theory to animals. Theodor Schwann ( German pronunciation: 7 December 1810 – 11 January 1882) was a German physician and physiologist.
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